
The article “Modern Grief, Postmodern Grief” discusses private grief, the kind of grief most often practiced in England. Rebecca’s routines and death continued to have an impact on Manderley, but the protagonist had no knowledge of her ongoing emotional effect. Dogs fit in with Manderley better than the protagonist at first. They knew, even as Frith had known, that the library fire was not lit until the afternoon.” (Du Maurier 84). Reflecting on their knowledge of the routine, the protagonist thinks “This was their routine. She found Jasper and the old dog already there. An early example of the protagonist being an outsider is her first morning at Manderley when she saw the fire in the library unlit, only to be informed Rebecca would spend her mornings in the Morning-room. Despite connecting with Maxim before her arrival, she often found herself failing to fit in with the established Manderley routine, created by and sustained in the name of Rebecca. The protagonist did not fit into the Manderley routine or understand the emotions of the Manderley staff. “The Outsider” is a gothic element present in the novel Rebecca exemplified by a character who does not behave like what is custom. The strongest gothic elements present in this story include “The Outsider” and “Inversion.” Rebecca by Daphne Du Maurier is a gothic novel telling the story of an unnamed protagonist’s new life married to Maxim de Winter at Manderley and Rebecca’s ongoing presence, despite her death 10 months prior.

Gothic elements aid in giving a gothic story a scar or otherwise unsettling setting, plot, or cast of characters.



In addition to this, gothic literature has one or more gothic elements present. Gothic literature is a genre of fiction written in the 18th, 19th, and early 20th centuries, often with a major building as a central part of the plot.
